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Doctrine of the Five Primary Religions

A comparison of Orthodox teachings

Orthodox AxiomsHinduismJudaismBuddhismChristianityIslam
Number of Deities
multipleone*multiple **four***one
God Personification
male & femalemale*male & femalemalegenderless
Nature of God
varied personalitiesjudgmentalneutralbenevolentbenevolent
Nature of Man
attachmentresponsiblesufferingsinful***good
Number of Lives
many/reincarnationonemany/reincarnationoneone
Path to Salvation
perfected karmagood worksenlightenmentJesus***submission & charity
Nature of Afterlife
lower heavensEarth planenirvana**heavenheaven
Ability to join with God
nonomaybe**yesyes

* The Old Testament opens with a reference to God as a plural entity and with the statement that both Adam and Eve are made in "Our" image. The Ten Commandments also suggest that early Jews believed in multiple deities, as the Second Commandment asserts that God is "jealous" and that there should be no other gods "besides" God. These inconsistencies later are resolved as the Jews accept a singular masculine God. Later still, the Jews acknowledge the “Holy Shekinah” – a feminine aspect of their Godhead.

** To Buddha, the multiple gods and goddesses of Hinduism were of secondary importance, since true enlightenment can only be achieved by following a solitary journey of Truth (i.e., Dharma). Buddha described nirvana as a state of enlightenment in which the soul is released from the Earth plane. However, Buddha never clarified whether, after achieving buddhahood, the soul joins with God in the Ethereal plane.

*** Jesus taught that there is one God. However the Roman Catholic Church created the Holy Trinity (i.e., God the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost) and a lesser evil divinity known as Satan, thereby reviving the pagan belief in multiple deities. Jesus also taught that mankind is inherently good and capable of earning salvation, but the Catholic Church expanded the Jewish concept of sin (that man is responsible for his own actions) and decreed that mankind is innately sinful. Lastly, Jesus taught that the path to salvation is faith in God plus good works, which means following the Ten Commandments and the Golden Rule (the Eleventh Commandment). However, many Christians believe Jesus is a deity who will grant salvation to his worshipers, regardless of good works.

The Primary Religions on Charity

The Golden Rule is universal!

God Billboard
HinduismJudaismBuddhismChristianityIslam
Bhagavad Gita 17:20Deuteronomy 15:10Jatakamala 4:16Mark 10:21Quran 57:18
Charity given out of duty, without expectation of return, at the proper time and place, and to a worthy person is considered to be in the mode of goodness.Give generously to them and do so without a grudging heart; then because of this the Lord your God will bless you in all your work and in everything.It is not as a means of procuring my own happiness that I give in charity, but I love charity that I may do good to the world.Jesus looking at him, loved him and said, “You lack one thing. Go, sell what you own and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow me.”Indeed, those men and women who give in charity and lend to Allah a good loan will have it multiplied for them, and they will have an honorable reward.